Chapter I
Introduction
1. Background
Education is one of important part in human life.
Without education, human being cannot sustain the culture, art, religion,
language and other aspects. It also needed to create a good behavior, good
cognition and practice. In education, there are several things that need to be
considered. One of them is instructional media.
Learning/ instructional media is an important
component in a learning process learners be better.according to
Azikiwe (2007) as cited in Adeniregun,
Gbolahan Solomon, instructional media cover whatever the teacher uses to
involve all the five senses of sight, hearing, touch, smell and taste while
presenting his/her lessons. In a similar vein Adegun (1997) says instructional
media are things which are intended to help the teacher to teach more
effectively and enable the students to learn more readily. Instructional media
are information carriers designed specifically to fulfill objectives in a
teaching-learning situation. They are very important in language teaching,
especially the foreign language, because they facilitate the direct association
between sounds and their symbols and also word sand the objects they represent.
They help to vividly illustrate meanings of things because they are associated
with materials used by the teacher to improve the quality of his teaching.
From ancient times, people have used the media to
teach others, and as the times progressed we know that the media is getting
more sophisticated and rapidly growing. AsMustapha et al. (2002) and Azikiwe
(2007) as cited in nursitisadiah(2015) have pointed
out that there are various types of instructional media, including learning
media that cannot be projected, projected media, audio media, visual media,
computer-based media, and multimedia.
instructional media has a significant contribution
and role in teaching and learning process, so that, teachers are expected to be
able to use and utilize the media maximally. Thus, this paper will discuss two
of the types of graphic media such as flannel board media and bulletin board.
1. Research
question
a. The
definition of flannel board and bulletin board
b. The
goals of using flannel board and bulletin board in teaching and learning.
c. Steps
of how to create flannel board media and bulletin board media
d. Strengths
and weaknesses of flannel board and bulletin board.
2. The
aims of study
a. Students
will be able to understand the definition of flannel board and bulletin board
b. Students
will comprehend the goals of using flannel board and bulletin board in teaching
and learning
c. Students
will able to create flannel board media and bulletin board media
d. Students
will identify the strengths and weaknesses of flannel and bulletin board.
Chapter
II
Discussion
A.
Flannel
board media
1. Definition of flannel board media
According to
sukiman” flannel board media is a board covered by flannel material, so that
the picture that is going to be showed can be easily set, creased and rid.
Furthermore, it also can be used in several times. Flannel board media is
including into two dimension instructional media, which is made from flannel
material and stick onto plywood or board (media pembelajaran,2012:107)
Flannel board is
one of effective media that provide some particular messages. This board which
is covered flannel material can be practically creased. The provided pictures
might be set and rid easily so the media can be used many times. In a beginner
classes, such as elementary school and kinder garten, this media is used to
stick the alphabets and numbers because it is easy and really attract students
to learn. Besides, the use of flannel board is more efficient.
Flannel material
is available in various color, it is also not too expensive and easy to access.
This media is regularly used in teaching the differences of colors, words,
dramatization, developing the concept of stories, diagram, graphic and among
others (sukiman, 2012:108).
2.
The
goals of creating flannel board media
a. This
media can be used to teach various color, developing vocabularies,
dramatization, enhancing the concept of stories, creating diagram, graphic and
other aspects.
b. to
help the instructor to explain the material of the lesson
c. to
ease learners understanding the material lesson
d. to
attract students’ interest
3.
steps
of creating flannel board
·
materials
ü flannel
ü boards
or plywood
ü glue
ü scissors
ü nail
ü a
number of pictures lesson
·
how to create flannel
board media
ü
Prepare
a board or plywood
ü
Stick
the flannel or paper or lacen on the board
ü Collect
the appropriate images that match the material to be taught
ü Affix
the back of the image to be used with flannel / paper cloth / lacen then the
affix image on the board so that the image remains attached to the flannel
board.
4.
The
strengths of using flannel board as a media in teaching learning process
a. Can
be used in every level of school and the level of lesson
b. Can
be used to describe comparison, development vocabularies
c. Learners
can be effectively cultivated by giving opportunity to paste items according to
the right position or task of teacher
d. It
is made originally made the teachers so the material suit well enough with the
media
e. Can
be prepared well in advance
f. Does
not require a special room that needs a lot of space
g. Items
can be self -managed and can be used many times
h. Saving
time and energy
i.
Need a little fund
j.
Students can focus on solving problem
5.
The
weaknesses of using flannel board
ü It
generally lies in the lack of preparation and skill of teachers
ü
It
takes a long time to prepare the materials
ü Flannel
or lacen has less adhesive power, When it is exposed by slight wind, the
material attached to the flannel board will fall down and what if there is a
heavy material will also fall.
ü Easily damaged if not treated regular
ü Only suitable applied to small
groups
ü difficult to show in the distance
Because
of the weaknesses above, teacherssometimes
feel hesitant to use this medium. And yet, this media is very effective if it
is organized well.
Therefore, although it takes a long
time to make, teachers must be patient in making it for being beneficial for
all of pupil and never think of the fund because students’ happiness is the
most important.
6.
The
use of flannel board media in teaching English
As what have
stated above that, flannel board media can be used in every level of school as
well as the lesson, including English subject. To teach a foreign language, the
teachers usually use several methods and approach in order the students may
reach the target language. Here are a number of ways teachers can develop
students’ ability in memorizing new vocabularies by using flannel board media.
a. Firstly,
teachers serve the material about introducing new words by flannel board media.
b. students
try to spell the pronunciation of the words that related to the picture on
flannel board by teachers’ assistance
c. students
try to mention the words which is appropriate to the picture
d. students
try to gear and match the word that they already heard from teacher to the
picture stick on flannel board
e. students
relate the picture and the words written in English on the flannel board
Those are some
tips for teacher who wants to teach and develop students’ vocabularies,
however, teacher might not really awkward by focusing to them because the
flannel board media is really flexible and helpful in teaching various lesson.
B.
Bulletin
board media
1.
Definition
According to Sukiman Bulletin boards are
especially created to present students work, such as drawings, charts, posters
and objects in three dimensions. Usually, the measures is 160X80 cm. Bulletin
boards are often placed in halls, cafeterias, and offices, but the main place
is in the classroom. the activities of designing class, layout, and the
installation of the message content in the bulletin board is the responsibility
of teachers and students (media pembelajaran, 2012: 110).
Bulletin boards
are used to describe the general appearance of a class. Bulletin board can
contain news, knowledge, short messages and so on. So its function is similar
to wall magazine but bulletin board is widely used for simple knowledge.
Bulletin board contains 3 elements, namely: decorative elements, motivation,
instructional. Bulletin board can be motivated student that when used to paste
student work with certain job, for example: pictures of student which have
colored, poetry own student work, and so on. Because it must be interesting,
neat, up to date, and dynamic. The bulletin board displays an ongoing learning
activity in the room. Therefore, must have the function of education. Bulletin
boards mostly made of linoluim cork, cloth guni (burlap) or similar materials.
As Sadiman
has stated in Media
Pendidikan: Pengertian, Pengembangan dan Pemanfaatan,In contrast to the
flannel board, this bulletin is not coated with flannel but is directly taped
to pictures or writings. Its function other than to explain something, bulletin
board is intended to notify events in a certain time. Various types of graphic
media have been put forward (images, posters, sketches, diagrams, charts) can
be used as bulletin board material. In addition, bulletin boards can be made
from written verbal messages such as articles (children), news, features and
among others (1986:50).
2.
The
goals of using bulletin board
ü Providing
stimulation on the classroom conditions to be attractive
ü
Create
readiness especially for new work units
ü Develop
a sense of belonging and responsibility among fellow students
ü Generating class spirit and morale
3.
Steps
of creating bulletin board media
·
Provide a whiteboard or
blackboard
·
To attract the
students, colorful painted on the frame need to be considered
·
Give
a catchy title with striking colors
·
Collect
materials such as images/ pictures or subject matter
4.
The
strengths of bulletin board media
Instead of
Increasing students’ interest in learning, it also envelop students’ obligation
on student self, the classroom’s atmosphere may be changed into more
attractive. Furthermore, it encourages students to work and create some
products by taking the initiative to solve problems and it can be means of competence.
5.
The
weaknesses of bulletin board
·
It
takes a long time to prepare the material
·
It
costs a lot to prepare
·
Difficult
to display at a great distance
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